Abstract: Aiming at the unsynchronized problem of the column lifting process of the shield hydraulic support, based on the analysis of the column lifting conditions, the column hydraulic control one-way valve column lifting model was built, the expression of the valve core opening amount of the column hydraulic control one-way valve was established based on the force balance of the valve core, the theoretical conditions of the column unsynchronized were given, and the AMESim simulation model of the column lifting system was established. The influence of column load and damping hole diameter of hydraulic control check valve on column synchronization is analyzed. The analysis results show that the root cause of the two columns' asynchrony is that the loads of the two columns are different, and the greater the load difference, the greater the difference in the opening amount of the valve core, and the more obvious the asynchrony. The diameter of the damping hole in the back cavity of the main valve core of the column hydraulic control check valve has little influence on the synchronous performance of the left and right columns, and when the valve core of the hydraulic control check valve corresponding to the column with large load is opened, there will be an impact vibration, and the valve core will open first and then tend to a smaller stable value.