Abstract: Abstract：At the initial stage of the design of Shenshupan Coal Mine, the panel air return roadway was not designed. During the mining of Panel 31, the main air return roadway was also used as the panel air return roadway, which easily led to the wind speed exceeding the limit. In order to meet the needs of ventilation, ensure the safe production of the coal mine, and solve the hidden danger that the return air in the south wing of Panel 31 exceeds the limit, it is decided to construct a panel auxiliary return air roadway 20m outside the goaf in the north wing of Panel 31. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing the ground pressure monitoring data of 31104 working face in Shenshupan Coal Mine, the reasonable size range of coal pillar for roadway protection is calculated by using coal pillar load estimation and limit equilibrium zone theory; After comprehensive actual measurement analysis and theoretical calculation, taking the geological conditions of coal seams and roadway layout as the background, through numerical simulation of the internal stress and deformation laws of roadway protection coal pillars under the conditions of 10m, 15m, 20m and 25m roadway protection coal pillars, the research results show that: under the influence of mining on one side, 20m roadway protection coal pillars can meet the production needs.