Abstract: In order to solve the problem of lagging behind in the monitoring and early warning of large-area supports disaster caused by sudden cutting roof of shallow-buried working face, the analysis of mine pressure data measured on the shallow-buried working face and the simulation test method of similar materials are used to study the characteristics of shallow buried deep working surface from the aspects of resistance increase characteristics of support work resistance, evolution law of rock overburden strain, and relationship between rock cover strain and roof breakage pressure. The results show that the working resistance of shallow-buried working face is slightly increased at the time of non-pressure, and the resistance increase rate is increased by 27-85 times when the pressure is coming, which reflects the mutability of the overburden strain; the micro-strain of the overburden rock before the top plate is pressed, the overburden strain suddenly increases when the pressure is pressed, and the spike occurs when cutting the top; the overburden strain has sensitivity and advance, which can monitor and warn of the abnormal pressure of the roof plate. In addition, a site monitoring and early warning method for distributed fiber optic technology based on strain (displacement) index is proposed. The research has practical value for the prevention and control of roof disasters in shallow-buried coal mining.