To address the challenges of deep-hole roof-cutting blasting technology for weakening thick hard roof strata to prevent rock bursts—such as high engineering workload, limited pressure relief range, and elevated risks—this study focuses on the 20101 first mining face of Dahaize Coal Mine as the engineering case. Utilizing theoretical analysis and field measurements, the research investigates the mechanism of ground hydraulic fracturing for rock burst prevention, identifies optimal target strata, evaluates fracturing effectiveness, and analyzes the application. Key conclusions are as follows:① Hydraulic fracturing generates fracture networks in thick hard roof strata, compromising their integrity, releasing elastic energy in advance, redistributing high stress, reducing fracture length LL, and lowering dynamic loads.② Analysis of fracturing curves, water discharge from roof boreholes in the working face, and microseismic monitoring data confirms that fracturing fluid induces fractures in target strata. The fracture network extends 255.1 m along the strike direction, 72.0 m along the dip direction, and 61.9 m vertically.③ Compared to non-fractured conditions, post-fracturing results show reductions in total microseismic event frequency and energy by 58.95% and 67.84%, respectively. Periodic weighting intervals and dynamic load coefficients decreased by 6.3% and 10.8%, while roof collapse intensity remained stable.The findings demonstrate that ground hydraulic fracturing effectively weakens roof strata, significantly reduces rock burst risks in working faces, and achieves pressure relief in thick hard roof zones. This provides a reference for rock burst prevention in deep mining faces of the Yuheng Mining Area.