In the Shenfu Mining Area, the surface is crisscrossed by gullies with large elevation differences. Under the combined action of mining disturbance and surface topography, the laws of mine pressure behavior are complex when the working face passes through gully areas. Additionally, the upper coal seam was mined using the room-and-pillar method, and the remaining coal pillars affect the roof stability during the mining of the lower coal seam. To address this issue, taking the 51208 working face of Guojiawan Coal Mine as the engineering background, this study comprehensively uses theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field monitoring to investigate the mine pressure behavior laws of the working face passing through room-and-pillar goaf under gully topography. The results show that: The stress of room-and-pillar coal pillars in gully areas increases toward the extension segment of the slope crest, with the maximum influence position shifting to the middle of the slope, exhibiting the characteristics of "increasing on the slope, decreasing at the slope bottom, stepped distribution, and centripetal offset". Gully topography dominates the mine pressure behavior of the lower working face, with the difference in roof stress between the working face mined under room-and-pillar goaf being only 1%.The field monitoring of mine pressure behavior is similar to the simulated stress characteristics. The periodic weighting interval in the slope bottom area is approximately 7.45 m, while that in the upper slope segment is 9.54–11.74 m. The average periodic weighting interval in the slope crest and stable mining segments is 10.0 m. Overall, the mine pressure shows zonal characteristics of "short and small at the slope bottom, chaotic and large in the middle slope, stable and widespread at the slope crest" and a behavior law of "unilateral concentration in the early stage, asynchronous fluctuation in the middle stage, and global stability in the later stage". This study reveals the mine pressure behavior laws of working faces passing through remaining coal pillars in gully areas, providing research ideas and guiding significance for the mine pressure behavior laws of working face mining under similar geological conditions.