In order to reduce the casualties of mine accidents, a portable mine refuge unit is designed for rapid response, flexible deployment, and efficient realization of rescue functions to meet emergency needs. Firstly, we take the portable mine refuge device as the basis of design, and incorporate the special needs of mine workers and the problems in the rescue process of mine accidents, and use the hierarchical analysis method (AHP) to determine the requirements and select the weighting items as the reference of the product functional indicators; secondly, we use the functional model (FBS) to construct the functional requirements of the refuge device by mapping the function-behavior-structure (FBS). Secondly, the functional model (FBS) is used to map “function-behavior-structure” to construct a functional requirement model of the refuge device, in order to obtain a solution to the design problem. Finally, the theoretical tool for inventive problem solving (TRIZ) is used as a complementary tool to improve the innovation and quality of the design by perfecting and solving the resulting problems. A new design model based on the combination of AHP-FBS-TRIZ was used to focus the design, and a mine refuge device was designed, and the design was analyzed by numerical simulation using the ergonomics analysis software (Jack) to verify the rationality of the design. The results show that the combination of different design methods can systematically and effectively improve the efficiency and performance of the mine refuge design. The design of the refuge device is designed to be as reliable, efficient, rapid and applicable as possible, thereby reducing mine injuries and improving the efficiency of rescue in mine accidents.