Focusing on the instability issues of semi-coal rock roadway ribs in deeply buried inclined coal seams under high stress and mining disturbance, this study takes the gob-side entry retaining of 2301 working face in Shanxian Fengyuan Coal Mine as the engineering background. Through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field tests, the failure mechanism of semi-coal rock roadways was investigated, leading to the development of a collaborative control scheme integrating "roof-cutting pressure relief + cross-layer surface reinforcement support". Results indicate that compressive-shear failure in coal mass and shear slip failure at coal-rock interfaces constitute the primary causes of roadway rib instability. Effective control measures involve reducing rib loading and restraining interfacial slippage. The maximum additional compressive strength provided by bolts (cables) occurs when the angle between interface/cross-layer bolts (β) equals the interface friction angle (φ_s). Numerical simulations demonstrate that under the pressure relief-reinforcement system, coal mass deformation decreases by 26.1% and relative deformation between coal and rock reduces by 47.8%. Field monitoring verifies that this control scheme achieves 34.9% reduction in semi-coal rock roadway convergence, effectively restraining rib deformation in mining roadways.