煤炭工程 ›› 2022, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 81-86.doi: 10.11799/ce202209015

• 生产技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

浅埋深工作面覆岩应变特征及切顶灾害预警方法研究

李正杰,徐刚,任艳芳,张震   

  1. 1. 天地科技股份有限公司
    2. 天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-15 修回日期:2022-04-25 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 李正杰 E-mail:2607835186@qq.com

Study on strata rock strain characteristics of shallow-buried working face and warning method of roof cutting disaster

  • Received:2022-03-15 Revised:2022-04-25 Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-10-09

摘要: 为解决浅埋深工作面由突发切顶造成的大面积压架灾害监测预警滞后的问题,采用浅埋工作面现场实测矿压数据分析和相似材料模拟试验方法,从支架工作阻力增阻特性、覆岩应变演化规律、覆岩应变与顶板破断来压的关系方面进行浅埋深工作面覆岩应变特征研究。研究结果表明:浅埋深工作面支架工作阻力在非来压时微增阻,来压时急增阻,增阻速率提升了27~85倍,反映了覆岩应变的突变性|顶板来压前覆岩微应变,来压时覆岩应变突增,切顶时出现尖峰|覆岩应变具有灵敏性和超前性,可以此对顶板异常来压进行监测预警,并提出了以应变为指标的基于分布式光纤技术的切顶压架灾害现场监测预警方法。研究对浅埋煤层开采顶板灾害防控具有实用价值。

关键词: 覆岩应变, 浅埋深工作面, 增阻速率, 切顶, 预警方法

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of lagging behind in the monitoring and early warning of large-area supports disaster caused by sudden cutting roof of shallow-buried working face, the analysis of mine pressure data measured on the shallow-buried working face and the simulation test method of similar materials are used to study the characteristics of shallow buried deep working surface from the aspects of resistance increase characteristics of support work resistance, evolution law of rock overburden strain, and relationship between rock cover strain and roof breakage pressure. The results show that the working resistance of shallow-buried working face is slightly increased at the time of non-pressure, and the resistance increase rate is increased by 27-85 times when the pressure is coming, which reflects the mutability of the overburden strain; the micro-strain of the overburden rock before the top plate is pressed, the overburden strain suddenly increases when the pressure is pressed, and the spike occurs when cutting the top; the overburden strain has sensitivity and advance, which can monitor and warn of the abnormal pressure of the roof plate. In addition, a site monitoring and early warning method for distributed fiber optic technology based on strain (displacement) index is proposed. The research has practical value for the prevention and control of roof disasters in shallow-buried coal mining.

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