Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to maintain the stability of the main roadway during the mining process of the working face, in order to change the shortcomings of traditional pressure relief methods in terms of pressure relief range, time and effect, it is proposed to use directional horizontal drilling hydraulic fracturing technology for pressure relief. The reasons for the high stress in the road are analyzed by a combination of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, and the mechanism of the directional horizontal drilling hydraulic fracturing for the transfer of high abutment pressure in the working face is revealed. It is concluded that the main reason for the stress concentration in the surrounding rock of the main roadway in the working area is the violent activities such as the fracture, rotation, migration and collapse; The implementation of directional horizontal drilling hydraulic fracturing in the mining stop line of the working face can eliminate the release of dynamic pressure energy caused by the breaking of the roof after the mining stop of the working face. The rock layers in the caving zone can be broken in time to fill the goaf and reduce the risk of the stress of coal pillar, which has achieved good results in field application.